Available in:Device
Dosage:19.5MG, 52MG
Manufacturer:Bayer
Available in:Vaginal Ring
Dosage:2.6+11.4MG
Manufacturer:Merck
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This device is placed inside the uterus by your doctor within 7 days after the start of your period. Your doctor will most likely perform a gynecological examination before the device is inserted to examine your uterus for correct placement and to rule out pregnancy or other gynecological conditions that would make using levonorgestrel undesirable.
The device is inserted during a routine office visit with your doctor and only takes a few minutes. You may have to go back to your doctor's office about 4 to 12 weeks after the device is inserted to ensure it is in the right position, and then once a year thereafter or as directed by your doctor. The device can be left in place for up to 5 years, after which a decision must be made whether to replace the device with a new one or simply to remove the old device.
It is important to use this contraceptive device exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
Many things can affect the dose of medication that a person needs, such as body weight, other medical conditions, and other medications. If your doctor has recommended a dose different from the ones listed here, do not change the way that you are using the medication without consulting your doctor.
Do not dispose of medications in wastewater (e.g. down the sink or in the toilet) or in household garbage. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medications that are no longer needed or have expired.
A ring is inserted into the vagina for 3 weeks at a time, then removed for a 1-week break, during which time a menstrual period usually occurs. A new ring is inserted 1 week after the last ring is removed.
Inserting the ring
Choose the position that is most comfortable for you (standing with one leg up, squatting, or lying down), as agreed upon by you and your doctor.
The exact position of the ring is not important for it to work. When the ring is in place, most women do not feel it. If you feel uncomfortable, use your finger to gently push the ring further into your vagina. There is no danger of the ring being pushed too far up in the vagina or getting lost. The ring can only be inserted as far as the end of the vagina, where the cervix will block the ring from going any further.
Removing the ring
Remove the vaginal ring 3 weeks after insertion on the same day of the week as it was inserted and at about the same time. To remove the vaginal ring:
Do not flush the ring down the toilet.
Your menstrual period will usually start 2 to 3 days after you remove the ring, and may not end before the new ring is inserted. For continuous protection against pregnancy, you must insert a new ring one week after one was removed, even if your menstrual period has not stopped.
If the ring slips out of the vagina and is replaced within 3 hours, you should still be protected from pregnancy. Rinse the ring with cool or lukewarm water and re-insert it as soon as possible.
If the ring has been out of the vagina for more than 3 hours in the first or second week, protection from pregnancy may no longer be adequate and there is a possibility that you could become pregnant. Reinsert the ring as soon as you remember and use a second method of birth control, such as condoms, until the ring has been in place for 7 days in a row. Use it on the same schedule as you would have used the one that you were originally using.
If the ring has been out of the vagina for more than 3 hours in the third week, protection from pregnancy may be reduced. Throw the ring away and either:
If the ring has been left in your vagina for an extra week or less (up to 4 weeks total), remove it, take a 1-week break, and re-insert a new ring. If the ring has been left in place for more than 4 weeks total, there is a possibility that you may become pregnant. To prevent pregnancy, you must use an extra method of birth control, such as condoms until a new ring has been in place for 7 days in a row.
While using Nuvaring, you should be examined by your doctor at least once a year.
Many things can affect the dose of a medication that a person needs, such as body weight, other medical conditions, and other medications. If your doctor has recommended a dose different from the ones listed here, do not change the way that you are using the medication without consulting your doctor.
It is important to use Nuvaring exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
Store Nuvaring at room temperature, protect it from sunlight, and keep it out of the reach of children. Nuvaring should be used within 4 months of receiving from the pharmacy.
Each transparent, colourless, flexible, nonbiodegradable vaginal ring contains 11.4 mg of etonogestrel (progestin) and 2.6 mg of ethinyl estradiol (estrogen). Each ring delivers 120 µg of etonogestrel and 15 µg of ethinyl estradiol per day. Nonmedicinal ingredients: ethylene vinylacetate copolymers and magnesium stearate. Nuvaring does not contain any latex.
Do not dispose of medications in wastewater (e.g. down the sink or in the toilet) or in household garbage. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medications that are no longer needed or have expired.
Many medications can cause side effects. A side effect is an unwanted response to a medication when it is taken in normal doses. Side effects can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent.
The side effects listed below are not experienced by everyone who takes Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine). If you are concerned about side effects, discuss the risks and benefits of Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine) with your doctor.
The following side effects have been reported by at least 1% of people taking Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine). Many of these side effects can be managed, and some may go away on their own over time.
Contact your doctor if you experience these side effects and they are severe or bothersome. Your pharmacist may be able to advise you on managing side effects.
Although most of the side effects listed below don't happen very often, they could lead to serious problems if you do not seek medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
Stop taking the medication and seek immediate medical attention if any of the following occur:
Some people may experience side effects other than those listed. Check with your doctor if you notice any symptom that worries you while you are taking Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine).
Many medications can cause side effects. A side effect is an unwanted response to a medication when it is taken in normal doses. Side effects can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent.
The side effects listed below are not experienced by everyone who takes Nuvaring. If you are concerned about side effects, discuss the risks and benefits of Nuvaring with your doctor.
The following side effects have been reported by at least 1% of people taking Nuvaring. Many of these side effects can be managed, and some may go away on their own over time.
Contact your doctor if you experience these side effects and they are severe or bothersome. Your pharmacist may be able to advise you on managing side effects.
Although most of the side effects listed below don't happen very often, they could lead to serious problems if you do not seek medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
Stop taking the medication and seek immediate medical attention if any of the following occur:
Some people may experience side effects other than those listed. Check with your doctor if you notice any symptom that worries you while you are taking Nuvaring.
Mirena® is supplied as a soft, flexible, T-shaped device about the size of a quarter. It contains 52 mg of levonorgestrel in a cylindrical-shaped reservoir. The reservoir is mounted on a T-shaped frame and covered with a rate-controlling membrane of polydimethylsiloxane and silica. The T-frame is coloured with barium sulfate. The polyethylene removal threads attached to the T-frame are coloured with black iron oxide.
Each transparent, colourless, flexible, nonbiodegradable vaginal ring contains 11.4 mg of etonogestrel (progestin) and 2.6 mg of ethinyl estradiol (estrogen). Each ring delivers 120 µg of etonogestrel and 15 µg of ethinyl estradiol per day. Nonmedicinal ingredients: ethylene vinylacetate copolymers and magnesium stearate. Nuvaring does not contain any latex.
The levonorgestrel IUD should not be used by anyone who:
Do not use Nuvaring if you:
There may be an interaction between the levonorgestrel IUD device and any of the following:
If you are taking any of these medications, speak with your doctor or pharmacist. Depending on your specific circumstances, your doctor may want you to:
An interaction between two medications does not always mean that you must stop taking one of them. Speak to your doctor about how any drug interactions are being managed or should be managed.
Medications other than the ones listed above may interact with Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine). Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter (non-prescription), and herbal medications that you are taking. Also tell them about any supplements you take. Since caffeine, alcohol, Nicotine from cigarettes, and street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them.
If you are taking any of these medications, speak with your doctor or pharmacist. Depending on your specific circumstances, your doctor may want you to:
An interaction between two medications does not always mean that you must stop taking one of them. Speak to your doctor about how any drug interactions are being managed or should be managed.
Medications other than those listed above may interact with Nuvaring. Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter (non-prescription), and herbal medications that you are taking. Also tell them about any supplements you take. Since caffeine, alcohol, the Nicotine from cigarettes, or street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them.
Before you begin using a medication, be sure to inform your doctor of any medical conditions or Allergies you may have, any medications you are taking, whether you are pregnant or breast-feeding, and any other significant facts about your health. These factors may affect how you should use Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine).
Blood pressure: Levonorgestrel can cause an increase in blood pressure. If you have high blood pressure, discuss with your doctor how Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine) may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine), and whether any special monitoring is needed.
If you experience an increase in your blood pressure after having this device inserted, contact your doctor.
Breast cancer: Cases of breast cancer have been reported by women using levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs. However, some studies have shown that progestin-only forms of birth control do not appear to increase the risk of breast cancer. Discuss any concerns you have with your doctor.
Depression: Hormones, such as progestins, are known to contribute to mood swings and symptoms of depression. If you have depression or a history of depression, discuss with your doctor how Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine) may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine), and whether any special monitoring is needed.
If you experience symptoms of depression such as poor concentration, changes in weight, changes in sleep, decreased interest in activities, or notice them in a family member who is taking Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine), contact your doctor as soon as possible.
Diabetes: Low-dose contraceptives such as this device have very little effect on blood sugar control. However, people with diabetes or those with a family history of diabetes should monitor their blood sugar closely to detect any worsening of blood sugar control.
Ectopic Pregnancy: If you have a history of ectopic pregnancy (when a fertilized egg implants itself outside of the uterus), have had surgery on the fallopian tubes, or have had a pelvic infection, you should speak to your doctor or pharmacist before using this device. If you experience lower abdominal pain along with a missed period or unexpected bleeding while using Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine), contact your doctor.
Expulsion of device: Bleeding or pain may indicate that the device has either moved out of position or has been expelled from the uterine cavity. A device that is out of position is less effective and should be removed and replaced by a new device.
Eye problems: Some women may experience a change in vision or contact lens tolerance. If this occurs, contact your eye doctor.
Headache: Levonorgestrel, like other hormones, may cause severe headache or migraine. If you have a history of migraines, discuss with your doctor how Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine) may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine), and whether any special monitoring is needed.
If you notice increasing numbers or severity of headaches after the device has been inserted, contact your doctor as soon as possible.
Heart disease: Levonorgestrel may increase the risk of developing Blood Clots, causing reduced blood flow to organs or the extremities. If you have a history of clotting you may be at increased risk of experiencing blood clot-related problems such as heart attack, stroke, or clots in the deep veins of your leg. Cigarette smoking increases the risk of serious adverse effects on the heart and blood vessels. Discuss with your doctor how Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine) may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine), and whether any special monitoring is needed.
If you experience symptoms such as sharp pain and swelling in the leg, difficulty breathing, chest pain, blurred vision, or difficulty speaking, contact your doctor immediately.
Heart valve disorders: Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine) can increase your risk of getting an infection in your heart valves if you were born with or have acquired a heart valve defect. You may need to take antibiotics before the insertion and removal of Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine) to prevent the infection.
Insertion and removal of the device: Some women may experience some pain and bleeding when the device is inserted or removed. The procedure may also cause fainting or a seizure for someone with a seizure disorder.
Liver disease: If you develop signs of a liver problem (yellow skin or eyes, dark urine, pale stools, abdominal pain, or itchy skin), talk to your doctor about whether you should have the device removed.
Menstrual bleeding: Some women may experience some pain and bleeding when the device is inserted or removed. Irregular menstrual bleeding is common for the first few months after the device is inserted. Over time, menstrual bleeding decreases and may stop completely while the device is inserted.
Ovarian cysts: Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine) can cause the development of ovarian cysts. Most of these don't have any symptoms and disappear on their own within 2 to 3 months. However, if you experience pain in the pelvic area, contact your doctor.
Perforation: The chance of the device puncturing the cervix or uterus is very rare (between 1 in 1,000 and 1 in 10,000). If it were to occur, it would most likely be when the device is being inserted. If this happens, the device should be removed as soon as possible.
Removal of the device: If you experience any of the following, check with your doctor to see if you should have your device removed:
Return to fertility: Your usual level of fertility should return soon after the device is removed. Nearly 90% of women wishing to become pregnant conceive within 24 months after removal of the device.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): This device does not protect against STIs, including HIV/AIDS. For protection against STIs, use latex condoms.
Pregnancy: This device should not be used during pregnancy. You should have this device removed if you become pregnant. Any device in the uterus during pregnancy can result in an increased risk of miscarriage or early labour. There is no evidence of birth defects when the device remains in the uterus for the full term. However, there is no conclusive evidence of this because of limited experience.
Breast-feeding: Hormonal birth control, such as this device, is not the first choice of birth control for women who are breast-feeding. Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine) passes into breast milk. If you are a breast-feeding mother and are using levonorgestrel, it may affect your baby. Some women using Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine) have reported decreased milk production. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breast-feeding.
Children: The safety and effectiveness of using Mirena (Levonorgestrel-intra-uterine) have not been established for children under 18 years of age. This contraceptive device is not the first option of contraception for women that have not been pregnant before.
Before you begin using a medication, be sure to inform your doctor of any medical conditions or Allergies you may have, any medications you are taking, whether you are pregnant or breast-feeding, and any other significant facts about your health. These factors may affect how you should use Nuvaring.
Blood Clots: As with any hormonal contraceptives, there is a risk of developing blood clots. Tell your doctor if you have a history of blood clots or are at risk of developing blood clots. Inform your doctor if you are planning an upcoming surgery, as there is an increased risk of blood clot formation when using combination hormonal contraceptives. Stroke symptoms, such as confusion, difficulty speaking, loss of coordination, sudden headache or vision changes may occur as a result of a clot blocking blood flow to the brain. Symptoms of blood clots in other parts of the body include: sharp pain in the chest, pain in the calf, sudden shortness of breath, or coughing up blood. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately, as blood clots can be life threatening.
Blood pressure: People with high blood pressure should discuss with their doctor how Nuvaring may affect their medical condition, how their medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Nuvaring, and whether any special monitoring is needed. You may need to visit your doctor more frequently to have your blood pressure checked while using Nuvaring.
Occasionally, high blood pressure may develop with the use of hormonal contraceptives. This may require stopping Nuvaring.
Cigarette smoking and heart disease: Cigarette smoking increases the risk of serious heart disease and death. Hormonal contraceptives such as the ring also increase this risk, particularly as a woman gets older. Women over 35 years of age who are smokers should not use hormonal birth control. All women are urged not to smoke while taking Nuvaring.
Other factors that increase your risk of heart disease include diabetes, high blood pressure, abnormal cholesterol levels, or a family history of these conditions. It is unclear whether taking the birth control pill increases this risk. Talk to your doctor if you have concerns.
Diabetes: Nuvaring may cause an increase in blood sugar levels (may cause a loss of blood glucose control) and glucose tolerance may change. People with diabetes may find it necessary to monitor their blood sugar more frequently while using Nuvaring.
If you have diabetes, discuss with your doctor how Nuvaring may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Nuvaring, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Depression: Hormones, such as etonogestrel - ethinyl estradiol, have been known to cause mood swings and symptoms of depression. If you have depression or a history of depression, discuss with your doctor how Nuvaring may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Nuvaring, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
If you experience symptoms of depression such as poor concentration, changes in weight, changes in sleep, decreased interest in activities, or notice them in a family member who is taking Nuvaring contact your doctor as soon as possible.
Eye disorders: Women who are using hormonal contraceptives such as this ring may experience fluid buildup in the cornea of the eye that can cause vision changes. This fluid buildup may also mean that your contact lenses may not fit as well as they used to, especially if you have hard contact lenses. Soft contact lenses usually do not cause problems. If your contact lenses feel uncomfortable, talk to your eye doctor.
Fibroid tumours: Nuvaring may worsen fibroid tumours (noncancerous growths in the uterus), causing sudden enlargement, pain, or tenderness. If you notice these effects, contact your doctor.
Gallbladder disease: The use of hormonal contraceptives increases the risk of developing gallbladder disease. People with a history of gallbladder disease should discuss with their doctor how Nuvaring may affect their medical condition and whether any special monitoring is needed. You will probably need to have regular tests to ensure that Nuvaring is not making your condition worse.
Heart disease: Like other hormonal contraceptives, etonogestrel - ethinyl estradiol causes several effects in the body that can contribute to heart disease. If you have heart disease or are at risk of developing heart disease, discuss with your doctor how Nuvaring may affect the medical condition, how the medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Nuvaring, and whether any special monitoring is needed. Contact your doctor as soon as possible if you develop symptoms of heart problems such as shortness of breath, chest pain, rapid heartbeat, or swollen ankles.
Liver cancer: Although extremely rare, the use of hormonal contraceptives has been associated with the growth of liver tumours. Talk to your doctor if you have any concerns.
Liver disease: Women who have or have had jaundice or other liver disease or who are at high risk for it should discuss with their doctor how Nuvaring may affect their medical condition, how their medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Nuvaring, and whether any special monitoring is needed. You will probably need to have regular liver tests while you are using Nuvaring.
Other medical conditions: Women with conditions affecting the vagina, such as prolapsed (dropped) uterus, may be more likely to have the ring slip out of the vagina. If the ring slips out repeatedly, consult your doctor.
People with High Cholesterol, Kidney Disease, or Epilepsy should discuss with their doctor how Nuvaring may affect their medical condition, how their medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Nuvaring, and whether any special monitoring is needed. You will probably need to have regular blood tests to ensure that Nuvaring is not making your condition worse.
People with heart disease, migraine Headaches, or mental depression should discuss with their doctor how Nuvaring may affect their medical condition, how their medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Nuvaring, and whether any special monitoring is needed. You will probably need to have regular appointments with your doctor to ensure that Nuvaring is not making your condition worse.
Return to fertility: There may be a delay in menstrual periods after stopping hormonal contraceptives. There is no evidence that the use of the contraceptive vaginal ring leads to decrease in fertility. After stopping use of the ring, you should delay pregnancy until at least one normal menstrual cycle has occurred in order to date the pregnancy. An alternative birth control method should be used during this time. If you do not menstruate for 6 months or more after stopping hormonal birth control, such as the ring, notify your doctor.
Risk of cancer: The use of hormonal contraceptives increases the risk of breast and cervical cancer in women before Menopause (around age 50). If you have been using hormonal contraceptives for a long time (more than 8 years), started using them at an early age, or have a family history of cancer (mother or sister), you are at an increased risk of cancer, and should be examined by your doctor on a yearly basis.
If you are using hormonal birth control, you should learn how to do a breast self-exam. Notify your doctor any time you detect a lump. In a few women, the use of birth control pills may speed up the growth of a breast cancer that has not yet been diagnosed. A yearly clinical breast examination is also recommended because, if a breast cancer should develop, medications that contain estrogen may cause the cancer to grow quickly.
Seizures: Estrogens may increase the risk of seizures in people with seizure disorders. If you have a history of epilepsy or medical conditions that increase the risk of seizures, discuss with your doctor how Nuvaring may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Nuvaring, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Nuvaring, as with other combined hormonal contraceptives, does not protect against HIV/AIDS and other STIs (formerly known as sexually transmitted diseases or STDs). It is recommended that latex condoms be used in combination with Nuvaring for protection against these infections.
Pregnancy: Nuvaring should not be used during pregnancy. If you become pregnant while taking Nuvaring, or think that you may be pregnant, contact your doctor as soon as possible.
Breast-feeding: Nuvaring passes into breast milk. If you are a breast-feeding mother and are using the etonogestrel - ethinyl estradiol vaginal ring, it may affect the quality and amount of breast milk produced. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breast-feeding.
Children: The safety and effectiveness of using Nuvaring have not been established for children. Nuvaring should not be used by females less than 18 years of age.
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